Communicating your goals
 
Too many families spend little to no time talking about money, and this habit lowers the financial literacy of everyone in the household. Do you know what goals each of your family members have around money?
 
Talking about money – more than what bill is due when – will strengthen everyone’s financial resilience in your family. You may want to set family goals as well as encourage everyone to set individual financial goals. This may or may not include preparing a budget and agreeing on plans, including a savings plan, a debt reduction plan, and others.    
 
Systems and lists
 
Do you use an accounting system to store your financial records?  Or do you have Excel worksheets? Is it clear where they are located on your computer? Do your loved ones know how to find these items if something happens to you? 
 
Now that so many things are digitized, it’s not as easy as it has been in the past. You can’t just label a filing cabinet drawer and say “everything is in here that you need.” Your financial records might be in a hundred different places on your computer. Being organized and planning for a smooth financial future for your loved ones means making a list of instructions on how to access all of your financially-related digital assets.  
 
Your list might include:
 

1. URL, login, and password to your accounting systems.
2. List of bank, brokerage, and retirement accounts and their login information.
3. List of credit card accounts and their login information.
4. List of government-related accounts, such as social security and irs.gov, and their login information.
5. List of regular monthly bills, such as utility, credit cards, and rent, and their login information.
6. Details of regular monthly income received.
7. Where to find financial files on your computer, such as tax returns, bank statements, and real estate closing documents, just to mention a few, and how to access them.

 
And that’s just a start. You may not want to share your passwords with certain family members. If this is the case, you can still record your instructions and store them away for safekeeping, providing access information later. 
 
Backups
 
If your computer crashes, will you be able to recover your financial files? Taking periodic backups will prevent a loss of records. 
 
What to keep in case of an audit
 
You hope it will never happen, but if it does, are you prepared for an audit with the IRS or a state agency? Do you know what records to keep and for how many years?  
 
Financial confidence
 
Having good documentation, sharing financial knowledge and goals, and making a backup plan will boost your financial confidence. You will be more prepared than most households when it comes to financial safety.   
 
How financially resilient do you feel? Taking into consideration the above ideas will help you stay one step ahead.  If you need assistance implementing these, please feel free to schedule a consultation.

Check out the 2019 Fall/Winter edition of our quarterly newsletter. Topics include:

• Minimizing tax on social security benefits
• Payroll tax checkups
• How to file taxes after marrying
• Organizing spending priorities for your newer growth startup
• Answers related to tax implications of buying out a spouse’s share of a home in the event of a divorce, electric vehicle credits, and 401(k) plans with multiple employers.

And please don't hesitate to contact us or schedule a consultation if we can be of assistance!

In previous years, home ownership brought with it the advantages of tax deductions related to mortgage interest and property taxes. Under the tax law changes of 2017, substantial changes have been made to deductions related to home ownership.

Find out more in the article on page 1 of our quarterly newsletter. And please contact us if you need assistance figuring out how these changes may affect your tax liability this year.

Generally, when individuals have a hobby, they have it because they enjoy it and are not involved in their hobby with the goal of making money. In fact, most hobbies never make money or don’t even create any income, for that matter. Tax law generally does not allow deductions for personal expenses except those allowed as itemized deductions on the 1040 Schedule A, and this also applies to hobby expenses.

Some hobbyists try to get a tax deduction for their hobby expenses by treating their hobby as a trade or a business. By disguising hobbies as a trade or business, and if the hobby expenses exceed the hobby income, they think they can report the difference between hobby income and expenses as a deductible business loss. Not in this case!

To curtail hobbies being treated as businesses, the tax code includes rules that do not permit losses for not-for-profit activities such as hobbies. The not-for-profit rules are often referred to as the hobby loss rules.  

The distinction between a hobby and a trade or business sometimes becomes blurred, and the determination depends upon a series of factors, with no single factor being decisive. All of these factors have to be considered when making the determination:

• Is the activity carried out in a businesslike manner?
• How much time and effort does the taxpayer spend on the activity?
• Does the taxpayer depend on the activity as a source of income?
• Are losses from the activity the result of sources beyond the taxpayer’s control?
• Has the taxpayer changed business methods in attempts to improve profitability?
• What is the taxpayer’s expertise in the field?
• What success has the taxpayer had in similar operations?
• What is the possibility of profit?
• Is profit from asset appreciation possible?

Because making a determination using these factors is so subjective, the IRS regulations provide that the taxpayer has a presumption of profit motive if an activity shows a profit for any three or more years during a period of five consecutive years. However, if the activity involves breeding, training, showing or racing horses, then the period is two out of seven consecutive years.

Making the proper determination is important because of the differences in tax treatment for hobbies versus trades or businesses. If an activity is determined to be a trade or business in which the owner materially participates, then the owner can deduct a loss on his or her tax return, and it is not uncommon for a business to show a loss in the startup years.

However, hobbies (not-for-profit activities) have special, unfavorable rules for reporting the income and expenses, which have been exacerbated by the 2017 passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (tax reform). These rules are:

1. The income is reported directly on the hobbyist’s 1040;
2. The expenses, not exceeding the income, are deducted as a miscellaneous itemized deduction. Thus, the expenses are only allowed if a taxpayer is itemizing deductions, rather than taking the standard deduction; and
3. Due to tax reform, for tax years 2018 through 2025, miscellaneous itemized deductions that must be reduced by 2% of the taxpayer’s adjusted gross income – which is the category into which the hobby expenses fall – have been suspended (are not deductible). Thus, for those years, there is no deduction at all for hobby expenses, and any hobby income will be fully taxable.   

Example: Marcia has income of $750 from her hobby (a not-for-profit activity) of coin collecting and expenses of $500. So, Marcia must include the $750 on her 1040. But because miscellaneous itemized deductions are currently suspended, she will not be able to deduct her $500 in expenses, leaving the full $750 as taxable income.

Another concern for hobbyists who are reporting income from their hobby on their 1040 is whether or not that income is subject to self-employment tax. Luckily, there is an exception for sporadic or one-shot deals and hobbies, which are not subject to self-employment tax.

If you have questions related to how the not-for-profit rules may apply to your activity, please contact us to review your situation. We'd be happy to help!

The information presented is of a general nature and should not be acted upon without further details and/or professional guidance. For assistance in identifying and utilizing all the tax deductions to which you are entitled, please contact us, your CPA or tax preparer.

Article Highlights:

• Matching Season
• IRS Letters
• Fake Letters
• Demand for Immediate Payment

Every year, the vast majority of taxpayers file their returns with the IRS between the end of January and the April due date. However, the IRS does not just take taxpayers’ word regarding the information on their returns.

For this reason, tax season is followed by “matching season,” when the IRS attempts to match the information on each taxpayer’s return with the information from the various returns that other entities (employers, financial firms, educational institutions, the insurance marketplace, etc.) have filed. The goal is to identify possible accidental oversights and intentional omissions.

When the IRS finds a discrepancy, it sends the taxpayer one of many form letters to detail the discrepancy and to describe the options for dealing with the issue. Receiving such a letter inevitably causes a person’s heart rate to jump a little; everyone dreads receiving correspondence from the IRS.

Is the Letter Real?

Thieves know the time of year when the IRS sends correspondence to taxpayers, so they send fake letters to trick people into making payments on bogus tax liabilities. As a result, taxpayers need to be very careful to avoid being hoodwinked by these scammers. The best practice is to have a tax professional review any letter that you receive before you take any action. If the letter is real, it requires a timely response, but if it is fake, it should be ignored.

These crooks take advantage of the anxiety that comes with receiving a letter from the IRS; they are counting on the likelihood that you will rush to make the potential problem go away. For instance, most of these fake letters demand immediate payment and threaten arrest if payment isn’t made. Such language should make your scam alarm go off, however; the IRS never demands immediate payment or threatens arrest. These thieves also often ask individuals to make payments by providing them with the serial numbers of prepaid stored-value cards. This allows them to quickly access the money and then vanish. Any such request should also alert you to the scam attempt, as the IRS would never collect payments that way.

We encourage you to educate your family members – especially older ones – about these fake letters so that they do not fall for the scam.

Of course, it goes without saying that, if you receive a real letter from the IRS, you should not procrastinate. A timely response is necessary to prevent the IRS from escalating the situation.

We strongly recommend calling us or scheduling a complimentary consultation if you receive any correspondence from the IRS so that we can review its validity and, if necessary, respond to it in a timely and correct manner. In addition, beware of phone calls, texts, and e-mails claiming to be from the IRS; this should also set off a scam alarm, as the first contact from the IRS on a given matter is always by U.S. mail. These clever crooks are trying to separate you from your money, but you can stop that from happening. Don’t be scammed. 

This is general information and should not be acted upon without first determining its application to your specific situation. Please contact us, your CPA or tax adviser for additional details.

As a result, if a home is destroyed in a forest fire or other disaster within a declared disaster zone, the homeowner can claim a casualty loss on that year’s tax return. However, if a home is destroyed as a result of a normal accident – or is destroyed in a natural disaster but lies outside of a disaster zone – the homeowner cannot claim a casualty loss. These rules may not be fair, but there is nothing that can be done about them (other than calling congressional representatives to indicate your displeasure).

Currently, the rules are only in effect for the years 2018 through 2025. Because of these rules, you should also make sure that your home insurance coverage is adequate.

Even those who have deductible losses quickly find out that they cannot claim as much in tax losses as they expected. This is because the losses are not based on the cost of replacing the home; instead, they are based on the original cost of the home (plus any improvements prior to the date of the casualty). For those who have owned their homes for a long time before a casualty, the tax benefits of the resulting loss are greatly diminished.

This all stems from the fact that a casualty loss on a home is valued at the lesser of the home’s cost or its current market value (minus any insurance reimbursements). Because real estate generally appreciates in value, most casualty losses are based on the original cost of the home rather than on its current value or its replacement cost.

Example #1: Joe and Susan purchased their home many years ago for $125,000, but its current market value is $400,000. Their home is then destroyed as a result of a federally declared disaster. They did not have insurance. Thus, their casualty loss is only $125,000 (the original cost), as that is less than the current market value. Thus, even though they suffered a $400,000 financial loss, the tax loss is only $125,000. (Even worse, the actual deductible loss is even less, as reductions of $100 per casualty and 10% of adjusted gross income must first be applied.)

If a home is insured, then an actual financial loss due to a disaster can actually result in a tax gain.

Example #2: The circumstances are the same as in Example #1, except Joe and Susan’s homeowners’ insurance paid them 100% of the home’s current value. For tax purposes, the $125,000 original cost must be used; the insurance reimbursement is then subtracted from that cost to determine the casualty loss. As a result, after the $400,000 reimbursement, Joe and Susan actually have a $275,000 tax gain ($400,000 minus $125,000) instead of a loss.

Fortunately, the new tax law includes a provision in which the homeowner can treat the involuntary conversion of a principal residence due to destruction (among other situations) as a sale. Such sales are eligible for the home-sale gain exclusion, provided that the taxpayers meet certain requirements for length of ownership and occupancy. Married taxpayers who file jointly can exclude up to $500,000 of home-sale gain after such a disaster, provided that they have owned and lived in the destroyed home for at least 2 of the prior 5 years. (For a single taxpayer, that exclusion is $250,000.)

Thus, in Example 2, if Joe and Susan meet these requirements, they can exclude all of their $275,000 gain (because it is less than $500,000). If the gain is greater than this limit, the remaining amount can be deferred, provided that the taxpayer purchases a replacement residence.

The insurance proceeds that homeowners receive for a destroyed residence (or its contents) are treated as a common pool of funds. If those funds are used to purchase a property that is similar to lost property, then the taxpayer must recognize the gain only to the extent that the funding pool exceeds the cost of the replacement property. The period for replacing damaged or lost property is four years, starting with the end of the first taxable year when any part of a gain due to involuntary conversion is realized.

Under all circumstances, homeowner’s insurance is appropriate; in fact, mortgage lenders generally require it. Be sure that your home is insured for an appropriate amount that includes any appreciation.
​
As you see, disaster-related casualty losses can be tricky, and the results can be unexpected. Please schedule a complimentary consultation if you have experienced a disaster-related loss or if you have any questions. (And check out this downloadable overview of disaster-related losses.)

The information presented is of a general nature and should not be acted upon without further details and/or professional guidance. For assistance in identifying and utilizing all the tax deductions to which you are entitled, please contact us, your CPA or tax preparer.

You have your 2018 tax return filed, or perhaps on extension, and now it is time to look forward to the changes that will impact your 2019 return when you file it in 2020.

Keeping up with the constantly changing tax laws can help you get the most benefit out of the laws and minimize your taxes. Many tax parameters, such as the standard deduction, contributions to retirement plans, and tax rates, are annually inflation adjusted, while some tax changes are delayed and take effect in future years. On top of all that, we have Congress considering the retroactive extension of some tax provisions that expired after 2017 as well as proposing new tax legislation.

The inflation adjustments shown are not the only items adjusted for inflation. For a full list, see IRS Revenue Procedure 2018-57.

At any rate, here are some changes that might affect your 2019 return:

Penalty for Not Being Insured 

he Affordable Care Act required individuals to have health insurance and imposed a “shared responsibility payment” – really a penalty – for those who didn’t comply. The penalty could have been as much as $2,085 for most families. That penalty will no longer apply in 2019 or the foreseeable future.

Medical Deductions Further Restricted

Unreimbursed medical expenses are allowed as an itemized deduction to the extent they exceed a percentage of a taxpayer’s adjusted gross income (AGI). As part the Affordable Care Act, Congress increased that percentage from 7.5% to 10%. That increase was temporarily rescinded in the most recent tax form. However, starting with the 2019 returns and for the foreseeable years, the AGI medical floor will be 10% of AGI.

Here are a couple of mission statement examples from large companies who have maintained a successful foothold in the marketplace:  

Harley-Davidson: We fulfill dreams through the experience of motorcycling, by providing to motorcyclists and to the general public an expanding line of motorcycles and branded products and services in selected market segments.
 
Darden Restaurants:  To nourish and delight everyone we serve.
 
FedEx: FedEx will produce superior financial returns for shareowners by providing high value-added supply chain, transportation, business and related information services through focused operating companies. Customer requirements will be met in the highest quality manner appropriate to each market segment served. FedEx will strive to develop mutually rewarding relationships with its employees, partners and suppliers. Safety will be the first consideration in all operations. Corporate activities will be conducted to the highest ethical and professional standards.
 
Ford: We are a global family with a proud heritage passionately committed to providing personal mobility for people around the world.
 
Levi-Strauss: People love our clothes and trust our company. We will market the most appealing and widely worn casual clothing in the world. We will clothe the world.
 
Microsoft: At Microsoft, we work to help people and businesses throughout the world realize their full potential. This is our mission. Everything we do reflects this mission and the values that make it possible.
 
NIKE: To bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world.
 
The Walt Disney Company: The mission of The Walt Disney Company is to be one of the world's leading producers and providers of entertainment and information. Using our portfolio of brands to differentiate our content, services and consumer products, we seek to develop the most creative, innovative and profitable entertainment experiences and related products in the world.

Mission Statement or Vision Statement?
 
A mission statement differs from a vision statement because a vision statement communicates what the company wants to be. 
 
Ask yourself what your business’s core purpose is.  What is the impact you want to have on the world?  Once you know, you’ll be able to write your own mission statement. 
 
Sharing Your Mission Statement
 
There are many ways you can share you mission statement. 
 

• Make sure your employees know it.
• Display it in the About section of your website.
• Add it to your marketing material where appropriate.
• Use it when recruiting for new employees.
• If it’s short, use it on promotional items such as mugs and t-shirts.
• Frame it and hang it in your office.
• Mention it in speeches you give.

 
A mission statement is something to be proud of and something that should make people smile. Yours should motivate and energize you. Once you’ve written yours or if you already have one, be sure to share it with us.

Approximately 4,000 businesses were hit with very bad news this past week when the payroll company MyPayrollHR suddenly shut down. With it's closure, an estimated $35 million dollars of business and employee payroll funds were lost. If your company was impacted by this incident and you need assistance getting back on top of your payroll, please don't hesitate to give us a call or email us. We would be happy to work with you and our reputable payroll provider partners to get your payroll back up and running. (Check out our Resources page for additional details.)