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Get Finance-Savvy with 10 Accounting Terms

12/9/2015

 
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It’s good to know some basic accounting terms, and here are ten terms with friendly definitions for your review. 
 
Asset:  Essentially, assets are what you own.   These include your bank accounts, business equipment, and even the amounts that customers owe you. 
 
Revenue:  Revenue is what you make.  Another word for it is Sales.  You generate revenue in your business when you make a sale to a customer.  The amount of the sale is included in revenue.  

​Expense:  An expense is what you spend in your business on items that are not expected to benefit you in the long term.  Expenses include credit card fees, office supplies, insurance, rent, payroll expense, and similar items that you need to incur to keep your business running.  
COGS:  COGS stands for Cost of Goods Sold.  It’s a form of expense that directly relates to the product or service being sold.  For example, if shoes are being sold, the cost of purchasing those shoes are consider COGS, while something like rent or insurance is simply an expense.  COGS is more important in manufacturing, retail, and distribution companies. 
 
Net Income:  Another word for net income is profit.  It’s calculated by subtracting expenses from revenue.  If what’s left over is a positive number, it’s net income and if it’s negative, it’s a net loss.  Besides your salary, it’s the amount of money you can either keep or re-invest into your business. 
 
Debit:  A debit is a term that tells you whether money is being increased or decreased.  The hard part is that it’s opposite depending on the account and the company.  Here are some examples: 
  • A debit to cash increases it, so that’s good.
  • A debit to a loan you owe decreases it, so that’s good too because you are paying it off.
  • When you talk to a bank teller and they want to debit your account, it means they are taking money away, because your account is a liability to them.  So it’s opposite. 
 
Credit:  A credit is a term that tells you whether money is being increased or decreased.  The hard part is that it’s opposite depending on the account and the company.  Here are some examples:
  • A credit to cash decreases it, as in writing a check to someone.
  • A credit to a loan you owe increases it, so you owe more money.
  • When you talk to a bank teller and they want to credit your account, it means they are putting money in, because your account is a liability to them.  So it’s opposite. 
 
GAAP: GAAP stands for Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.  It refers to the set of standards that must be followed by accountants when creating accounting reports for people like bankers and investors who rely on them. 
 
Liabilities:  Liabilities are what you owe.  If you have loans taken out for your business or owe vendors money for invoices of purchases they sent you, those are liabilities.  Common liabilities include sales tax that you’ve collected but not paid, unpaid vendors’ invoices, credit cards that are not paid off each month, mortgages on buildings, and any bank loans you’ve taken out.  
 
Equity:  In mathematical terms, equity is the net of your assets less your liabilities.  In more philosophical terms, it’s the net amount you and your fellow business owners have invested in your business adjusted by the years of net income you’ve made less what you’ve taken out of the business. 
 
How many terms did you already know?  Knowing accounting terms will help you understand this aspect of your business a bit better.  

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    Successfully meeting the challenges inherent to new and smaller businesses provides me with a special type of satisfaction. 

    Supporting businesses that have the potential to become amazing – from both the perspective of owners and team members as well as their clients – is what I enjoy. 

    I hope to use this blog to provide information specific to businesses that are growing from small beginnings into exceptional companies.

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  • Home
  • Why Us?
    • Reviews
    • Open Positions
  • Client Services
  • Resources
    • Save on QBO Subscriptions!
    • Tax Refund Status
    • Gusto Year End Checklist
    • Videos >
      • Business Taxes >
        • 2019 Business Tax Highlights
        • 7 Ways Small Business Can Save On Tax
        • Taxes for S-Corp Owners
        • The IRS Loves Businesses
      • Personal Taxes >
        • 2019 Tax Highlights
        • Five Yearly Tax Essentials
        • 4 Common Tax Surprises
        • Retirement Can Be Taxing
        • Advance Child Tax Credit Reconciliation - 2022
        • Make the Most of Your Donations
        • Five Great Tax Secrets
        • Renting Your Property Tax Free
        • Ideas to Audit-Proof Your Tax Return
      • The Tax Cuts & Jobs Act >
        • The Tax Cuts & Jobs Act: What You Need to Do Now
        • The Tax Cuts & Jobs Act: Are Itemized Deductions A Thing of the Past?
        • The Tax Cuts & Jobs Act: The New Child Care Tax Credit
      • Tax Topics >
        • Tax Season is Coming!
        • The New World of Deductions: What Everyone Needs to Know
        • Proving Your Deductions
        • How to Fix a Mistake on Your Tax Return
        • How Long Should I Save It?
        • Tax Credit vs Tax Deduction
        • Understanding Effective Tax Rate
        • Understanding Marginal Tax Rate
      • Life Events >
        • Life Events: A New Birth
        • Life Events: Marriage
        • Life Events: Divorce
    • Articles >
      • Accounting & Bookkeeping >
        • How to Get the Most Out of Your Accounting Fees
        • The 10 Biggest Money Leaks in Your Accounting System
      • Business Factors >
        • IRS Rules for Classifying Workers
        • Checklist for a Healthy Cash Flow
        • 12 Ways to Improve Your Business Profits
        • 10 Step Annual Business Check-Up
      • Tax Topics >
        • Tax Guide for Self-Employeds
        • 15 Things Every Tax Payer Should Know
        • Disaster Casualty Losses
        • Travel & Entertainment Deductions
        • Tax Guide - A Deduction Checklist
        • What You Should Know About Tax Audits
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      • Newsletters - Monthly Editions >
        • Newsletter - Monthly Edition
      • Newsletters - Quarterly Editions >
        • Newsletter - 2019 Fall/Winter
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